Rejuvenation of the Intervertebral Disc Using Self-Healing Biomimetic Extracellular Matrix Biomaterial Tissue Adhesives

Introduction

Lower back pain is a global epidemiological and socioeconomic problem. This project envisions a future whereby patients with degenerated intervertebral discs are injected with a self-healing biomimetic adhesive biomaterial which can restore both the biochemical and biomechanical properties to native tissue levels.

Current Challenges

Current surgical procedures do not replace herniated tissue from the central nucleus pulposus or repair the annulus fibrosus (outer ring of tissue), which can lead to:

• Accelerated degeneration
• Reherniation
• Recurrent pain

Spinal fusion, whereby the compromised or degenerated tissue is removed, and the vertebral segments are fused together, does not restore biomechanical function. This leads to degeneration of adjacent discs, with long-term failure rates as high as 40%.

Innovative Solution

My lab has developed a biomimetic injectable hydrogel (iDISC) consisting of the main components (collagen and chondroitin sulfate) of native disc tissue. This hydrogel can be tailored to match the biochemical and biomechanical properties of native disc tissue.

Key Properties of iDISC Hydrogel

• Self-healing capabilities
• Adhesive properties to facilitate tissue integration
• Excellent cell biocompatibility

Project Objectives

The objective of this proposal is to perform:

1. In-depth in vitro characterisation (WP1)
2. Multiaxial biomechanical testing (WP2)
3. Pre-clinical evaluation (WP3)
4. Marketing and commercialisation evaluation (WP4)

Expected Impact

The development of these injectable biomimetic hydrogel systems may facilitate earlier interventions aimed at halting the degenerative process, restore natural biomechanical function, enhance patient accessibility, improve quality of life, and reduce healthcare expenses and lost productivity in the European Union.

Conclusion

The platform technology and knowledge generated through this research are beyond the current state-of-the-art and will provide a significant transformative scientific and clinical step change, opening new horizons in minimally invasive spine treatment strategies.