Low-Coordinate Bimetallics for the Catalytic Activation of Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia

Introduction

The catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and ammonia poses a major challenge in modern chemistry due to the high inertness of their strong chemical bonds. These gaseous molecules are abundant and cheap. Therefore, their use as C1, O1, and N1 building blocks in synthetic chemistry entails remarkable environmental and economic advantages.

Challenges and Limitations

Nonetheless, there are yet many limitations to meet their true synthetic potential and industrial applicability, which clearly demands innovative catalytic solutions.

Project Overview

In BiMetalGAS, I will develop two unique families of tailor-made heterobimetallic complexes specifically designed for the catalytic activation of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and ammonia.

Types of Catalysts

The two types of cooperative bimetallic catalysts are:

1. Highly polarized bimetallic complexes
2. Transition metal/heavier tetrylene (Ge, Sn) compounds

The high polarization of the former and the distinct and flexible bonding of the latter will enable the activation and cleavage of the strong bonds within CO2, N2O, and NH3.

Innovative Design Principles

Importantly, these systems will share for the first time the key feature of exceptionally low-coordination environments, a design principle mostly underdeveloped in bimetallic chemistry. This will unlock the main mechanistic bottlenecks associated with highly challenging catalytic transformations of these gaseous molecules by:

• Reducing the existing energetic barriers through metal-metal cooperation
• Introducing alternative pathways based on bimetallic synergisms

Synthetic Feasibility

Of high synthetic feasibility, the targeted catalysts will offer a range of tunable features and a landscape of multi-site molecular reactivity unattainable for mononuclear complexes.

Conclusion

This project will offer cutting-edge science to transform cheap and abundant, yet largely inert gaseous molecules. Through groundbreaking bimetallic synergies, BiMetalGAS will set new grounds towards a more sustainable production of large-scale commodity chemicals with broad-ranging applications.