Improving crop productivity by relieving the inhibitory effect imposed on photosynthesis by the redox regulatory network

Introduction

While the global demand for crop production is constantly increasing and a significant increase in agricultural yields is required, we have witnessed stagnation in yield improvement of major crops. Hence, there is an urgent need for new strategies to ensure food security in a sustainable manner.

Importance of Photosynthetic Efficiency

It is becoming appreciated that improving photosynthetic efficiency is one of the most important ways to increase yield. While the dependence of photosynthesis on the reductive activation of the Calvin–Benson cycle enzymes is well established, the role of oxidative signals in counterbalancing the reductive activity is just beginning to be explored.

Research Findings

By developing genetically encoded 2-Cys peroxiredoxin-based biosensors, we identified the simultaneous activation of reductive and oxidative signals during the photosynthesis induction phase. We showed that 2-Cys peroxiredoxin activity attenuates carbon assimilation rates.

These results demonstrated the restrictions imposed on photosynthesis performance by oxidative signals, thus laying the foundation for developing new approaches for increasing photosynthesis efficiency through redox modulations.

Project Goals

The central goal of this proposal is to:

1. Extend our mechanistic understanding of oxidative signal generation and perception.
2. Develop new strategies to improve photosynthesis in crop plants by relieving the inhibitory effect of oxidative signals under fluctuating light conditions.

Methodology

We suggest applying advanced redox biology methodologies to:

• Discover the molecular components involved in regulating the oxidative pathway.
• Decipher the oxidation-sensitive proteome.

Application of Knowledge

Moreover, we suggest translating the gained knowledge into technologies that improve photosynthesis in potato plants, one of the world's most important crops.

Conclusion

This project aims to provide the necessary knowledge to enhance photosynthesis through redox modification in crops and to produce new potato lines with higher productivity and adaptability to modern agriculture.