quantum-enhanced shadows: scalable quantum-to-classical converters

Introduction

Large-scale quantum experiments do not work in isolation. Substantial classical computing power is required to control the experiment and process the results. This necessarily creates information-transmission bottlenecks at the interface between quantum and classical realms.

Scalability Issues

These bottlenecks create scalability issues that prevent us from using existing architectures to the best of their capabilities and may even impair our ability to further scale up system sizes.

Project Overview

In this project, we adopt a unifying framework that takes into account all computing resources (quantum and classical). We develop quantum-to-classical converters to overcome information-transmission bottlenecks.

Shadows

Dubbed shadows, these converters leverage randomization, as well as quantum-enhanced readout strategies to obtain a succinct classical description of an underlying quantum system. This description can then be used to efficiently predict many features at once. The shadow paradigm is compatible with near-term quantum hardware and utilizes genuine quantum effects that do not have a classical counterpart.

Synergies with Machine Learning

Building on these ideas, we also establish rigorous synergies between quantum experiments and classical machine learning. Shadow learning protocols use shadows to succinctly represent training data obtained from actual quantum experiments. A classical training stage then enables data-driven learning of genuine quantum phenomena.

Reliable Execution

Finally, we develop new tools to ensure reliable execution on current quantum hardware, thus bridging the gap between theory and experiment.

Background

My interdisciplinary skill set combines methods from modern computer science with quantum information and has already led to numerous high-impact contributions, including:

1. 1 Nature Physics with more than 350 citations
2. 2 Science publications

These insights form the basis for this larger project, where we lay the foundation for scalable and practical quantum data processing and learning that can keep up and grow with future improvements in quantum technology.