Coding for DNA Storage

Introduction

DNA-based storage has attracted significant attention due to recent demonstrations of the viability of storing information in macromolecules. Unlike classical optical and magnetic storage technologies, DNA-based storage does not require electrical supply to maintain data integrity. Given the trends in cost decreases of DNA synthesis and sequencing, it is estimated that within the next decade, DNA storage may become a highly competitive archiving technology.

Current Challenges

However, existing coding solutions to address various problems associated with implementations of DNA-based storage systems are very limited in their development.

Research Goals

The goal of this research is to develop coding methods and techniques by designing novel and advanced solutions that are specifically targeted for the unique structure and error behavior of DNA-based storage systems.

Analytical Framework

The proposed analytical framework will allow us to address coding-theoretic challenges arising in the context of synthesis, storage, and sequencing of DNA strands.

Code Design

To achieve these goals, we aim to design codes for:

1. Clustering
2. Trace-reconstruction techniques
3. Error-correction codes
4. Constrained codes

These codes are applicable for long-term storage and recovery of data recorded in DNA, while overcoming the unique challenges associated with the DNA storage channel.

Expected Outcomes

We expect that the knowledge, techniques, and qualitative insights gained in our investigation will advance DNA storage technologies capable of accommodating massive amounts of data.

Impact on Other Disciplines

Furthermore, solving the proposed coding problems will require new methods and ideas that will also impact adjacent scientific disciplines such as:

• Bioinformatics
• Combinatorics
• Theoretical computer science

Thus, the proposed investigation is likely to lead to the development of new paradigms and directions of research that may have far-reaching societal and economic impact.

Experimental Testing

Lastly, the accompanying experimental testing will allow for practical assessments of system performance and cost.