Superconductor-Based Readiness Enhanced Magnetoplasmadynamic Electric Propulsion

Introduction

High-power electric propulsion technology is needed to enable the sustainable realization of emerging market applications such as On-Orbit Servicing, in-space cloud computing, debris removal, and cis-lunar infrastructure. However, relevant technologies, in terms of cost-effectiveness, sustainability, and performance, are not yet available. The commercialization of new markets requires more scalable and flexible propulsion solutions.

Technology Overview

Applied-Field Magnetoplasmadynamic (AF-MPD) thrusters are a robust, efficient, and scalable Electric Propulsion technology, especially suited for high-power operations thanks to their high thrust levels and power densities. These benefits have motivated their widespread research since the 1960s.

Development Limitations

The main development limitations have been:

1. Thruster lifetime
2. Flight readiness imposed by the use of conventional copper magnets for generating the applied field.

These problems can be overcome with the use of High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS), which can provide the required magnetic field for AF-MPD operation in a compact and lightweight system.

Project Objectives

Under the leadership of NSS, a start-up commercializing HTS applications in space, SUPREME aims at:

• Increasing the flight proficiency of AF-MPD by demonstrating the integration of HTS coils and all necessary supporting subsystems in a relevant environment.
• Correspondingly increasing thruster performance and lifetime.
• Validating the commercialization potential of the technology by generating a well-defined business model for achieving sustainable revenues and upscaling of production.

Consortium Composition

The consortium is completed by:

• 2 Research Institutions (RIs)
• An innovative Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME)
• An Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)

Academic Contributions

On the academic side, both USTUTT and UT are institutes working at the forefront of disruptive R&D in the key areas of Electric Propulsion (EP), space cryogenics, and HTS systems.

Supply Chain and Industry Involvement

PEAK represents a key part of the supply chain for propellant tanks, and Airbus will contribute as both a supplier and potential first adopter of the technology.